Osteoporosis screening in South Korea primarily involves a Bone Mineral Density (BMD) test using Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA scan). This is considered the gold standard for diagnosis and is widely available across the country. Korea has comprehensive guidelines for osteoporosis screening and management, reflecting its high prevalence, particularly among an aging female population.



What is Osteoporosis Screening?

Osteoporosis screening aims to:

• Detect low bone density (osteopenia) or osteoporosis before a fracture occurs.
• Assess an individual's risk of future fractures.
• Monitor bone density over time in individuals at risk or undergoing treatment.

The main method used is the DEXA scan, which measures bone density in the hip and spine – key areas prone to osteoporotic fractures. The results (T-scores and Z-scores) are interpreted according to WHO guidelines and Korean national standards.

Who is Recommended for Osteoporosis Screening in Korea?

Korean guidelines align with international standards and generally recommend DEXA screening for:

• Women aged 65 years and older.
• Men aged 70 years and older.
• Postmenopausal women under 65 with one or more risk factors for osteoporosis (e.g., low body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2, family history of hip fracture, current smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medical conditions or medications).
• Premenopausal women with conditions associated with osteoporosis (e.g., abnormal amenorrhea for more than one year, premature menopause, chronic diseases that cause bone loss).
• Men aged 50-69 with significant risk factors.
• Individuals who have experienced a fragility fracture (a fracture from a fall from standing height or less).
• Patients with diseases or conditions known to cause osteoporosis (e.g., hyperthyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic kidney disease, malabsorption syndromes).
• Individuals taking medications that can cause bone loss (e.g., long-term corticosteroid use for 3 months or more, certain anticonvulsants).

1. Beyond DEXA, doctors may also assess fracture risk using tools like FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool), which considers clinical risk factors in addition to BMD.

Cost of Osteoporosis Screening in Korea

The cost of a DEXA scan in Korea is relatively affordable, especially with NHIS coverage.

• Standalone DEXA Scan: Typically ranges from ₩45,000 to ₩100,000 KRW (approximately $35 to $75 USD) at clinics or health check-up centers if you pay out-of-pocket.
• As part of a Comprehensive Health Check-up Package: If you opt for a broader health check-up, the DEXA scan is often included in packages ranging from ₩500,000 KRW to several million KRW, depending on the extent of tests.

Korean National Health Insurance (NHIS) Coverage:

• If you are enrolled in NHIS (and have an Alien Registration Card), osteoporosis screening (DEXA scan) is generally covered if it is medically indicated based on age, risk factors, or existing conditions as per Korean national guidelines. You will pay a co-payment, significantly reducing the cost.
• If the screening is done purely as an optional component of a self-paid comprehensive health check-up, it might not be covered by NHIS, and you would pay the full package price.

Key Considerations for Foreigners:

• Communication: Confirm English-speaking staff or an international coordinator when booking your appointment. Clear communication about your medical history and test results is essential.
• Appointment: It's advisable to book in advance, especially for popular health check-up centers.
• Identification: Bring your passport or Alien Registration Card (ARC) for identification and NHIS benefits.
• Preparation: Generally, no specific preparation is needed for a DEXA scan. You'll be asked to remove any metal objects before the scan.
• Results & Follow-up: Results are usually available quickly. The doctor will explain your T-scores and Z-scores, and discuss if any follow-up, lifestyle changes (diet, exercise), or treatment for osteoporosis is needed.

Osteoporosis screening is a routine and well-established part of healthcare in Korea, making it accessible for foreign residents and visitors.